2132 lines
141 KiB
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2132 lines
141 KiB
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Part 10 - Saving and loading · Roguelike Tutorials
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Let’s start by defining the colors we’ll need this chapter, by opening color.py and entering the following:">
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Let’s start by defining the colors we’ll need this chapter, by opening color.py and entering the following:">
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<h1 class="title">
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<a class="title-link" href="https://rogueliketutorials.com/tutorials/tcod/v2/part-10/">
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Part 10 - Saving and loading
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</a>
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</h1>
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</header>
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<p>Saving and loading is essential to almost every roguelike, but it
|
||
can be a pain to manage if you don’t start early. By the end of this
|
||
chapter, our game will be able to save and load one file to the disk,
|
||
which you could easily expand to multiple saves if you wanted to.</p>
|
||
<p>Let’s start by defining the colors we’ll need this chapter, by opening <code>color.py</code> and entering the following:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
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||
Diff
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||
</button>
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||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
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||
Original
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||
</button>
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|
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<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
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||
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<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>bar_empty = (0x40, 0x10, 0x10)
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+menu_title = (255, 255, 63)
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</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+menu_text = white
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</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
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<pre>...
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bar_empty = (0x40, 0x10, 0x10)
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<span class="new-text">menu_title = (255, 255, 63)
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menu_text = white</span></pre>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p>Another thing we’ll need is a new type of exception. This will be
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used when we want to quit the game, but not save it. Normally, we’ll
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save the game when the user quits, but if the game is over (because the
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player is dead), we don’t want to create a save file.</p>
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<p>We can put this exception in <code>exceptions.py</code>:</p>
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<div>
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<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
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Diff
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</button>
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<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
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Original
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</button>
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<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
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<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>class Impossible(Exception):
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> """Exception raised when an action is impossible to be performed.
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> The reason is given as the exception message.
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> """
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+class QuitWithoutSaving(SystemExit):
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</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ """Can be raised to exit the game without automatically saving."""
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</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
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||
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<pre>class Impossible(Exception):
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||
"""Exception raised when an action is impossible to be performed.
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The reason is given as the exception message.
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"""
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<span class="new-text">class QuitWithoutSaving(SystemExit):
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"""Can be raised to exit the game without automatically saving."""</span></pre>
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||
|
||
</div>
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||
|
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</div>
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<p>There’s a bit of refactoring we can do to make things easier for
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||
ourselves in the future: By creating a base class that can be either an
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Action or an EventHandler, we don’t need to set the engine’s “event
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handler” to the new handler when we want to switch, we can just return
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||
that event handler instead. A benefit of this is that the <code>Engine</code> class won’t need to store the event handler anymore. This works by keeping track of the handler in the <code>main.py</code> file instead, and switching it when necessary.</p>
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<p>To make the change, start by adding the following to <code>input_handlers.py</code>:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>from __future__ import annotations
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">-from typing import Callable, Optional, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+from typing import Callable, Optional, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING, Union
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import tcod
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
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||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>CONFIRM_KEYS = {
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> tcod.event.K_RETURN,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> tcod.event.K_KP_ENTER,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>}
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ActionOrHandler = Union[Action, "BaseEventHandler"]
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||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+"""An event handler return value which can trigger an action or switch active handlers.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+If a handler is returned then it will become the active handler for future events.
|
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</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+If an action is returned it will be attempted and if it's valid then
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+MainGameEventHandler will become the active handler.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+"""
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
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</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+class BaseEventHandler(tcod.event.EventDispatch[ActionOrHandler]):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def handle_events(self, event: tcod.event.Event) -> BaseEventHandler:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ """Handle an event and return the next active event handler."""
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||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ state = self.dispatch(event)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ if isinstance(state, BaseEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return state
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ assert not isinstance(state, Action), f"{self!r} can not handle actions."
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||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return self
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def on_render(self, console: tcod.Console) -> None:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ raise NotImplementedError()
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def ev_quit(self, event: tcod.event.Quit) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ raise SystemExit()
|
||
</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
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||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
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||
|
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<pre>from __future__ import annotations
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">from typing import Callable, Optional, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">from typing import Callable, Optional, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING, Union</span>
|
||
|
||
import tcod
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
CONFIRM_KEYS = {
|
||
tcod.event.K_RETURN,
|
||
tcod.event.K_KP_ENTER,
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="new-text">ActionOrHandler = Union[Action, "BaseEventHandler"]
|
||
"""An event handler return value which can trigger an action or switch active handlers.
|
||
|
||
If a handler is returned then it will become the active handler for future events.
|
||
If an action is returned it will be attempted and if it's valid then
|
||
MainGameEventHandler will become the active handler.
|
||
"""</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="new-text">class BaseEventHandler(tcod.event.EventDispatch[ActionOrHandler]):
|
||
def handle_events(self, event: tcod.event.Event) -> BaseEventHandler:
|
||
"""Handle an event and return the next active event handler."""
|
||
state = self.dispatch(event)
|
||
if isinstance(state, BaseEventHandler):
|
||
return state
|
||
assert not isinstance(state, Action), f"{self!r} can not handle actions."
|
||
return self
|
||
|
||
def on_render(self, console: tcod.Console) -> None:
|
||
raise NotImplementedError()
|
||
|
||
def ev_quit(self, event: tcod.event.Quit) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
raise SystemExit()</span></pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>As the docstring explains, <code>ActionOrHandler</code> can be either an <code>Action</code> or an <code>EventHandler</code>. If it’s an <code>Action</code>, the action will be attempted, and if its a handler, the handler will be changed.</p>
|
||
<p><code>BaseEventHandler</code> will be the base class for all of our handlers (we’ll change that to be the case next). It will return a new instance of <code>BaseEventHandler</code>
|
||
or its subclasses if one was returned, or return itself. This allows us
|
||
to change event handlers based on the context of what happens in the
|
||
actions.</p>
|
||
<p>We also need to adjust <code>EventHandler</code>:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">-class EventHandler(tcod.event.EventDispatch[Action]):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+class EventHandler(BaseEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> def __init__(self, engine: Engine):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.engine = engine
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def handle_events(self, event: tcod.event.Event) -> None:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.handle_action(self.dispatch(event))
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def handle_events(self, event: tcod.event.Event) -> BaseEventHandler:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ """Handle events for input handlers with an engine."""
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ action_or_state = self.dispatch(event)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ if isinstance(action_or_state, BaseEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return action_or_state
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ if self.handle_action(action_or_state):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ # A valid action was performed.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ if not self.engine.player.is_alive:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ # The player was killed sometime during or after the action.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return GameOverEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return MainGameEventHandler(self.engine) # Return to the main handler.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return self
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> def handle_action(self, action: Optional[Action]) -> bool:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def ev_quit(self, event: tcod.event.Quit) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- raise SystemExit()
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> def on_render(self, console: tcod.Console) -> None:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.engine.render(console)
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre><span class="crossed-out-text">class EventHandler(tcod.event.EventDispatch[Action]):</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">class EventHandler(BaseEventHandler):</span>
|
||
def __init__(self, engine: Engine):
|
||
self.engine = engine
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def handle_events(self, event: tcod.event.Event) -> None:</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.handle_action(self.dispatch(event))</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def handle_events(self, event: tcod.event.Event) -> BaseEventHandler:
|
||
"""Handle events for input handlers with an engine."""
|
||
action_or_state = self.dispatch(event)
|
||
if isinstance(action_or_state, BaseEventHandler):
|
||
return action_or_state
|
||
if self.handle_action(action_or_state):
|
||
# A valid action was performed.
|
||
if not self.engine.player.is_alive:
|
||
# The player was killed sometime during or after the action.
|
||
return GameOverEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
return MainGameEventHandler(self.engine) # Return to the main handler.
|
||
return self</span>
|
||
|
||
def handle_action(self, action: Optional[Action]) -> bool:
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def ev_quit(self, event: tcod.event.Quit) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">raise SystemExit()</span>
|
||
|
||
def on_render(self, console: tcod.Console) -> None:
|
||
self.engine.render(console)</pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>The <code>handle_events</code> method of <code>EventHandler</code> is similar to <code>BaseEventHandler</code>,
|
||
except it includes logic to handle actions as well. It also contains
|
||
the logic for changing our handler to a game over if the player is dead.</p>
|
||
<p>To adjust our existing handlers, we’ll need to continue editing <code>input_handlers</code>. This next code section is quite long, but the idea is consistent throughout: We want to modify our return types to return <code>Optional[ActionOrHandler]</code> instead of <code>Optional[Action]</code>, and instead of setting <code>self.engine.event_handler</code> to change the handler, we’ll return the handler instead.</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>class AskUserEventHandler(EventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> """Handles user input for actions which require special input."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def handle_action(self, action: Optional[Action]) -> bool:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- """Return to the main event handler when a valid action was performed."""
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- if super().handle_action(action):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- return True
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- return False
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> """By default any key exits this input handler."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> if event.sym in { # Ignore modifier keys.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> tcod.event.K_LSHIFT,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> tcod.event.K_RSHIFT,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> tcod.event.K_LCTRL,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> tcod.event.K_RCTRL,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> tcod.event.K_LALT,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> tcod.event.K_RALT,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> }:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return None
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return self.on_exit()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def ev_mousebuttondown(self, event: tcod.event.MouseButtonDown) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def ev_mousebuttondown(
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ self, event: tcod.event.MouseButtonDown
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ ) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> """By default any mouse click exits this input handler."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return self.on_exit()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def on_exit(self) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def on_exit(self) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> """Called when the user is trying to exit or cancel an action.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> By default this returns to the main event handler.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> """
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- return None
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class InventoryEventHandler(AskUserEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> player = self.engine.player
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> key = event.sym
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> index = key - tcod.event.K_a
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> if 0 <= index <= 26:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> try:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> selected_item = player.inventory.items[index]
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> except IndexError:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.engine.message_log.add_message("Invalid entry.", color.invalid)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return None
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return self.on_item_selected(selected_item)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return super().ev_keydown(event)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> """Called when the user selects a valid item."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> raise NotImplementedError()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class InventoryActivateHandler(InventoryEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> """Handle using an inventory item."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> TITLE = "Select an item to use"
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> """Return the action for the selected item."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return item.consumable.get_action(self.engine.player)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class InventoryDropHandler(InventoryEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> """Handle dropping an inventory item."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> TITLE = "Select an item to drop"
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> """Drop this item."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return actions.DropItem(self.engine.player, item)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class SelectIndexHandler(AskUserEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def ev_mousebuttondown(self, event: tcod.event.MouseButtonDown) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def ev_mousebuttondown(
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ self, event: tcod.event.MouseButtonDown
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ ) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def on_index_selected(self, x: int, y: int) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def on_index_selected(self, x: int, y: int) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> """Called when an index is selected."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> raise NotImplementedError()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class LookHandler(SelectIndexHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> """Lets the player look around using the keyboard."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def on_index_selected(self, x: int, y: int) -> None:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def on_index_selected(self, x: int, y: int) -> MainGameEventHandler:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> """Return to main handler."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class MainGameEventHandler(EventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> action: Optional[Action] = None
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> key = event.sym
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> player = self.engine.player
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> if key in MOVE_KEYS:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> dx, dy = MOVE_KEYS[key]
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> action = BumpAction(player, dx, dy)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> elif key in WAIT_KEYS:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> action = WaitAction(player)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> elif key == tcod.event.K_ESCAPE:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> raise SystemExit()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> elif key == tcod.event.K_v:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = HistoryViewer(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return HistoryViewer(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> elif key == tcod.event.K_g:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> action = PickupAction(player)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> elif key == tcod.event.K_i:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = InventoryActivateHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return InventoryActivateHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> elif key == tcod.event.K_d:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = InventoryDropHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return InventoryDropHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> elif key == tcod.event.K_SLASH:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = LookHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return LookHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> # No valid key was pressed
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return action
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class HistoryViewer(EventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> None:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[MainGameEventHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> # Fancy conditional movement to make it feel right.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> if event.sym in CURSOR_Y_KEYS:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> adjust = CURSOR_Y_KEYS[event.sym]
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> if adjust < 0 and self.cursor == 0:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> # Only move from the top to the bottom when you're on the edge.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.cursor = self.log_length - 1
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> elif adjust > 0 and self.cursor == self.log_length - 1:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> # Same with bottom to top movement.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.cursor = 0
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> else:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> # Otherwise move while staying clamped to the bounds of the history log.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.cursor = max(0, min(self.cursor + adjust, self.log_length - 1))
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> elif event.sym == tcod.event.K_HOME:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.cursor = 0 # Move directly to the top message.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> elif event.sym == tcod.event.K_END:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.cursor = self.log_length - 1 # Move directly to the last message.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> else: # Any other key moves back to the main game state.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return None
|
||
</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>class AskUserEventHandler(EventHandler):
|
||
"""Handles user input for actions which require special input."""
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def handle_action(self, action: Optional[Action]) -> bool:</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">"""Return to the main event handler when a valid action was performed."""</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">if super().handle_action(action):</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">return True</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">return False</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
"""By default any key exits this input handler."""
|
||
if event.sym in { # Ignore modifier keys.
|
||
tcod.event.K_LSHIFT,
|
||
tcod.event.K_RSHIFT,
|
||
tcod.event.K_LCTRL,
|
||
tcod.event.K_RCTRL,
|
||
tcod.event.K_LALT,
|
||
tcod.event.K_RALT,
|
||
}:
|
||
return None
|
||
return self.on_exit()
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def ev_mousebuttondown(self, event: tcod.event.MouseButtonDown) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def ev_mousebuttondown(
|
||
self, event: tcod.event.MouseButtonDown
|
||
) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
"""By default any mouse click exits this input handler."""
|
||
return self.on_exit()
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def on_exit(self) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def on_exit(self) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
"""Called when the user is trying to exit or cancel an action.
|
||
|
||
By default this returns to the main event handler.
|
||
"""
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">return None</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">return MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
class InventoryEventHandler(AskUserEventHandler):
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
player = self.engine.player
|
||
key = event.sym
|
||
index = key - tcod.event.K_a
|
||
|
||
if 0 <= index <= 26:
|
||
try:
|
||
selected_item = player.inventory.items[index]
|
||
except IndexError:
|
||
self.engine.message_log.add_message("Invalid entry.", color.invalid)
|
||
return None
|
||
return self.on_item_selected(selected_item)
|
||
return super().ev_keydown(event)
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
"""Called when the user selects a valid item."""
|
||
raise NotImplementedError()
|
||
|
||
|
||
class InventoryActivateHandler(InventoryEventHandler):
|
||
"""Handle using an inventory item."""
|
||
|
||
TITLE = "Select an item to use"
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
"""Return the action for the selected item."""
|
||
return item.consumable.get_action(self.engine.player)
|
||
|
||
|
||
class InventoryDropHandler(InventoryEventHandler):
|
||
"""Handle dropping an inventory item."""
|
||
|
||
TITLE = "Select an item to drop"
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def on_item_selected(self, item: Item) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
"""Drop this item."""
|
||
return actions.DropItem(self.engine.player, item)
|
||
|
||
|
||
class SelectIndexHandler(AskUserEventHandler):
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def ev_mousebuttondown(self, event: tcod.event.MouseButtonDown) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def ev_mousebuttondown(
|
||
self, event: tcod.event.MouseButtonDown
|
||
) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def on_index_selected(self, x: int, y: int) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def on_index_selected(self, x: int, y: int) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
"""Called when an index is selected."""
|
||
raise NotImplementedError()
|
||
|
||
|
||
class LookHandler(SelectIndexHandler):
|
||
"""Lets the player look around using the keyboard."""
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def on_index_selected(self, x: int, y: int) -> None:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def on_index_selected(self, x: int, y: int) -> MainGameEventHandler:</span>
|
||
"""Return to main handler."""
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">return MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
class MainGameEventHandler(EventHandler):
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
action: Optional[Action] = None
|
||
|
||
key = event.sym
|
||
|
||
player = self.engine.player
|
||
|
||
if key in MOVE_KEYS:
|
||
dx, dy = MOVE_KEYS[key]
|
||
action = BumpAction(player, dx, dy)
|
||
elif key in WAIT_KEYS:
|
||
action = WaitAction(player)
|
||
|
||
elif key == tcod.event.K_ESCAPE:
|
||
raise SystemExit()
|
||
elif key == tcod.event.K_v:
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = HistoryViewer(self.engine)</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">return HistoryViewer(self.engine)</span>
|
||
|
||
elif key == tcod.event.K_g:
|
||
action = PickupAction(player)
|
||
|
||
elif key == tcod.event.K_i:
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = InventoryActivateHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">return InventoryActivateHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
elif key == tcod.event.K_d:
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = InventoryDropHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">return InventoryDropHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
elif key == tcod.event.K_SLASH:
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = LookHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">return LookHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
|
||
# No valid key was pressed
|
||
return action
|
||
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
class HistoryViewer(EventHandler):
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> None:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[MainGameEventHandler]:</span>
|
||
# Fancy conditional movement to make it feel right.
|
||
if event.sym in CURSOR_Y_KEYS:
|
||
adjust = CURSOR_Y_KEYS[event.sym]
|
||
if adjust < 0 and self.cursor == 0:
|
||
# Only move from the top to the bottom when you're on the edge.
|
||
self.cursor = self.log_length - 1
|
||
elif adjust > 0 and self.cursor == self.log_length - 1:
|
||
# Same with bottom to top movement.
|
||
self.cursor = 0
|
||
else:
|
||
# Otherwise move while staying clamped to the bounds of the history log.
|
||
self.cursor = max(0, min(self.cursor + adjust, self.log_length - 1))
|
||
elif event.sym == tcod.event.K_HOME:
|
||
self.cursor = 0 # Move directly to the top message.
|
||
elif event.sym == tcod.event.K_END:
|
||
self.cursor = self.log_length - 1 # Move directly to the last message.
|
||
else: # Any other key moves back to the main game state.
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">return MainGameEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
return None</span></pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>We’ll also need to make a few adjustments in <code>consumable.py</code>, because some of the methods there also affected the input handlers.</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import components.ai
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import components.inventory
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>from components.base_component import BaseComponent
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>from exceptions import Impossible
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">-from input_handlers import AreaRangedAttackHandler, SingleRangedAttackHandler
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+from input_handlers import (
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ ActionOrHandler,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ AreaRangedAttackHandler,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ SingleRangedAttackHandler,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>if TYPE_CHECKING:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class Consumable(BaseComponent):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> parent: Item
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> Optional[actions.Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> """Try to return the action for this item."""
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return actions.ItemAction(consumer, self.parent)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class ConfusionConsumable(Consumable):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> def __init__(self, number_of_turns: int):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.number_of_turns = number_of_turns
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> Optional[actions.Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> SingleRangedAttackHandler:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> self.engine.message_log.add_message(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> "Select a target location.", color.needs_target
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = SingleRangedAttackHandler(
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return SingleRangedAttackHandler(
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> self.engine,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> callback=lambda xy: actions.ItemAction(consumer, self.parent, xy),
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- return None
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class FireballDamageConsumable(Consumable):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> def __init__(self, damage: int, radius: int):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.damage = damage
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.radius = radius
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> Optional[actions.Action]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> AreaRangedAttackHandler:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> self.engine.message_log.add_message(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> "Select a target location.", color.needs_target
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = AreaRangedAttackHandler(
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return AreaRangedAttackHandler(
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> self.engine,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> radius=self.radius,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> callback=lambda xy: actions.ItemAction(consumer, self.parent, xy),
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- return None
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> def activate(self, action: actions.ItemAction) -> None:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>...
|
||
import components.ai
|
||
import components.inventory
|
||
from components.base_component import BaseComponent
|
||
from exceptions import Impossible
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">from input_handlers import AreaRangedAttackHandler, SingleRangedAttackHandler</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">from input_handlers import (
|
||
ActionOrHandler,
|
||
AreaRangedAttackHandler,
|
||
SingleRangedAttackHandler,
|
||
)</span>
|
||
|
||
if TYPE_CHECKING:
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
class Consumable(BaseComponent):
|
||
parent: Item
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> Optional[actions.Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> Optional[ActionOrHandler]:</span>
|
||
"""Try to return the action for this item."""
|
||
return actions.ItemAction(consumer, self.parent)
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
class ConfusionConsumable(Consumable):
|
||
def __init__(self, number_of_turns: int):
|
||
self.number_of_turns = number_of_turns
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> Optional[actions.Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> SingleRangedAttackHandler:</span>
|
||
self.engine.message_log.add_message(
|
||
"Select a target location.", color.needs_target
|
||
)
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = SingleRangedAttackHandler(</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">return SingleRangedAttackHandler(</span>
|
||
self.engine,
|
||
callback=lambda xy: actions.ItemAction(consumer, self.parent, xy),
|
||
)
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">return None</span>
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
class FireballDamageConsumable(Consumable):
|
||
def __init__(self, damage: int, radius: int):
|
||
self.damage = damage
|
||
self.radius = radius
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> Optional[actions.Action]:</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">def get_action(self, consumer: Actor) -> AreaRangedAttackHandler:</span>
|
||
self.engine.message_log.add_message(
|
||
"Select a target location.", color.needs_target
|
||
)
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = AreaRangedAttackHandler(</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">return AreaRangedAttackHandler(</span>
|
||
self.engine,
|
||
radius=self.radius,
|
||
callback=lambda xy: actions.ItemAction(consumer, self.parent, xy),
|
||
)
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">return None</span>
|
||
|
||
def activate(self, action: actions.ItemAction) -> None:
|
||
...</pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>We also need to make a small adjustmet to <code>fighter.py</code>:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import color
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>from components.base_component import BaseComponent
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">-from input_handlers import GameOverEventHandler
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>from render_order import RenderOrder
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> if self.engine.player is self.parent:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> death_message = "You died!"
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> death_message_color = color.player_die
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.engine.event_handler = GameOverEventHandler(self.engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span> else:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> death_message = f"{self.parent.name} is dead!"
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> death_message_color = color.enemy_die
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
|
||
|
||
import color
|
||
from components.base_component import BaseComponent
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">from input_handlers import GameOverEventHandler</span>
|
||
from render_order import RenderOrder
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
if self.engine.player is self.parent:
|
||
death_message = "You died!"
|
||
death_message_color = color.player_die
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.engine.event_handler = GameOverEventHandler(self.engine)</span>
|
||
else:
|
||
death_message = f"{self.parent.name} is dead!"
|
||
death_message_color = color.enemy_die
|
||
...</pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>Since the logic associated with setting <code>GameOverEventHandler</code> is now handled in the <code>EventHandler</code> class, this line in <code>fighter.py</code> wasn’t needed anymore.</p>
|
||
<p>In order to make these changes work, we need to adjust the way that
|
||
the input handlers are… well, handled. What we’ll want to do is have the
|
||
handler exist on its own in <code>main.py</code> rather than be part of the <code>Engine</code> class.</p>
|
||
<p>Open up <code>main.py</code> and add make the following changes:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>#!/usr/bin/env python3
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import copy
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import traceback
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import tcod
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import color
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>from engine import Engine
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import entity_factories
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+import exceptions
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+import input_handlers
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>from procgen import generate_dungeon
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>def main() -> None:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine.message_log.add_message(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> "Hello and welcome, adventurer, to yet another dungeon!", color.welcome_text
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ handler: input_handlers.BaseEventHandler = input_handlers.MainGameEventHandler(engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> with tcod.context.new_terminal(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> screen_width,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> screen_height,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> tileset=tileset,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> title="Yet Another Roguelike Tutorial",
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> vsync=True,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ) as context:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> root_console = tcod.Console(screen_width, screen_height, order="F")
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- while True:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- root_console.clear()
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- engine.event_handler.on_render(console=root_console)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- context.present(root_console)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- try:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- for event in tcod.event.wait():
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- context.convert_event(event)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- engine.event_handler.handle_events(event)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- except Exception: # Handle exceptions in game.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- traceback.print_exc() # Print error to stderr.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- # Then print the error to the message log.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- engine.message_log.add_message(traceback.format_exc(), color.error)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ try:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ while True:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ root_console.clear()
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ handler.on_render(console=root_console)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ context.present(root_console)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ try:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ for event in tcod.event.wait():
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ context.convert_event(event)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ handler = handler.handle_events(event)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ except Exception: # Handle exceptions in game.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ traceback.print_exc() # Print error to stderr.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ # Then print the error to the message log.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ if isinstance(handler, input_handlers.EventHandler):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ handler.engine.message_log.add_message(
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ traceback.format_exc(), color.error
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ )
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ except exceptions.QuitWithoutSaving:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ raise
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ except SystemExit: # Save and quit.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ # TODO: Add the save function here
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ raise
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ except BaseException: # Save on any other unexpected exception.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ # TODO: Add the save function here
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ raise
|
||
</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>#!/usr/bin/env python3
|
||
import copy
|
||
import traceback
|
||
|
||
import tcod
|
||
|
||
import color
|
||
from engine import Engine
|
||
import entity_factories
|
||
<span class="new-text">import exceptions</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">import input_handlers</span>
|
||
from procgen import generate_dungeon
|
||
|
||
def main() -> None:
|
||
...
|
||
engine.message_log.add_message(
|
||
"Hello and welcome, adventurer, to yet another dungeon!", color.welcome_text
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
<span class="new-text">handler: input_handlers.BaseEventHandler = input_handlers.MainGameEventHandler(engine)</span>
|
||
|
||
with tcod.context.new_terminal(
|
||
screen_width,
|
||
screen_height,
|
||
tileset=tileset,
|
||
title="Yet Another Roguelike Tutorial",
|
||
vsync=True,
|
||
) as context:
|
||
root_console = tcod.Console(screen_width, screen_height, order="F")
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">while True:</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">root_console.clear()</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">engine.event_handler.on_render(console=root_console)</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">context.present(root_console)</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">try:</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">for event in tcod.event.wait():</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">context.convert_event(event)</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">engine.event_handler.handle_events(event)</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">except Exception: # Handle exceptions in game.</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">traceback.print_exc() # Print error to stderr.</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text"># Then print the error to the message log.</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">engine.message_log.add_message(traceback.format_exc(), color.error)</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">try:
|
||
while True:
|
||
root_console.clear()
|
||
handler.on_render(console=root_console)
|
||
context.present(root_console)
|
||
|
||
try:
|
||
for event in tcod.event.wait():
|
||
context.convert_event(event)
|
||
handler = handler.handle_events(event)
|
||
except Exception: # Handle exceptions in game.
|
||
traceback.print_exc() # Print error to stderr.
|
||
# Then print the error to the message log.
|
||
if isinstance(handler, input_handlers.EventHandler):
|
||
handler.engine.message_log.add_message(
|
||
traceback.format_exc(), color.error
|
||
)
|
||
except exceptions.QuitWithoutSaving:
|
||
raise
|
||
except SystemExit: # Save and quit.
|
||
# TODO: Add the save function here
|
||
raise
|
||
except BaseException: # Save on any other unexpected exception.
|
||
# TODO: Add the save function here
|
||
raise</span></pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>We’re now defining our <code>handler</code> in <code>main.py</code> rather than passing it to the <code>Engine</code>. The handler can change if a different handler is returned from <code>handler.handle_events</code>.
|
||
We’ve also added a few exception statements for the various exception
|
||
types. They all do the same thing at the moment, but soon, once we’ve
|
||
implemented our save function, the <code>SystemExit</code> and <code>BaseException</code> exceptions will save the game before exiting. <code>QuitWithoutSaving</code> will not, as this will be called when we don’t want to save the game.</p>
|
||
<p>If you run the project now, things should work the same as before.</p>
|
||
<p>Let’s clean up the <code>Engine</code> class by removing the <code>event_handler</code> attribute, as we don’t need it anymore:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>from __future__ import annotations
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>from tcod.console import Console
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>from tcod.map import compute_fov
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import exceptions
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">-from input_handlers import MainGameEventHandler
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>from message_log import MessageLog
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>from render_functions import (
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> render_bar,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> render_names_at_mouse_location,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>if TYPE_CHECKING:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> from entity import Actor
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> from game_map import GameMap
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- from input_handlers import EventHandler
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class Engine:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> game_map: GameMap
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> def __init__(self, player: Actor):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- self.event_handler: EventHandler = MainGameEventHandler(self)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span> self.message_log = MessageLog()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.mouse_location = (0, 0)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self.player = player
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>from __future__ import annotations
|
||
|
||
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
|
||
|
||
from tcod.console import Console
|
||
from tcod.map import compute_fov
|
||
|
||
import exceptions
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">from input_handlers import MainGameEventHandler</span>
|
||
from message_log import MessageLog
|
||
from render_functions import (
|
||
render_bar,
|
||
render_names_at_mouse_location,
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
if TYPE_CHECKING:
|
||
from entity import Actor
|
||
from game_map import GameMap
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">from input_handlers import EventHandler</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
class Engine:
|
||
game_map: GameMap
|
||
|
||
def __init__(self, player: Actor):
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">self.event_handler: EventHandler = MainGameEventHandler(self)</span>
|
||
self.message_log = MessageLog()
|
||
self.mouse_location = (0, 0)
|
||
self.player = player
|
||
...</pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>If you run the project again, nothing should change. The <code>event_handler</code> in <code>Engine</code> was not doing anything at this point.</p>
|
||
<p>Before we implement saving the game, we need to implement a main
|
||
menu, where the user can choose to start a new game or load an existing
|
||
one (or simply quit). It would also be handy to move all the logic of
|
||
setting up a new game into a function, as we won’t need to call it when
|
||
we eventually get to loading a game from a save file.</p>
|
||
<p>Create a new file, called <code>setup_game.py</code>, and put the following contents into it:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-py3" data-lang="py3"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#e6db74">"""Handle the loading and initialization of game sessions."""</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">from</span> __future__ <span style="color:#f92672">import</span> annotations
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> copy
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">from</span> typing <span style="color:#f92672">import</span> Optional
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> tcod
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> color
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">from</span> engine <span style="color:#f92672">import</span> Engine
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> entity_factories
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> input_handlers
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">from</span> procgen <span style="color:#f92672">import</span> generate_dungeon
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#75715e"># Load the background image and remove the alpha channel.</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>background_image <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>image<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>load(<span style="color:#e6db74">"menu_background.png"</span>)[:, :, :<span style="color:#ae81ff">3</span>]
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">new_game</span>() <span style="color:#f92672">-></span> Engine:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"""Return a brand new game session as an Engine instance."""</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> map_width <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">80</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> map_height <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">43</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> room_max_size <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">10</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> room_min_size <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">6</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_rooms <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">30</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_monsters_per_room <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_items_per_room <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> player <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> copy<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>deepcopy(entity_factories<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>player)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> Engine(player<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>player)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>game_map <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> generate_dungeon(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_rooms<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>max_rooms,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> room_min_size<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>room_min_size,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> room_max_size<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>room_max_size,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> map_width<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>map_width,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> map_height<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>map_height,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_monsters_per_room<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>max_monsters_per_room,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_items_per_room<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>max_items_per_room,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>engine,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>update_fov()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>message_log<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>add_message(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"Hello and welcome, adventurer, to yet another dungeon!"</span>, color<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>welcome_text
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> engine
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">MainMenu</span>(input_handlers<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>BaseEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"""Handle the main menu rendering and input."""</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">on_render</span>(self, console: tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>Console) <span style="color:#f92672">-></span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">None</span>:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"""Render the main menu on a background image."""</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>draw_semigraphics(background_image, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>print(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>width <span style="color:#f92672">//</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>height <span style="color:#f92672">//</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span> <span style="color:#f92672">-</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">4</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"TOMBS OF THE ANCIENT KINGS"</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> fg<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>color<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>menu_title,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> alignment<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CENTER,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>print(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>width <span style="color:#f92672">//</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>height <span style="color:#f92672">-</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"By (Your name here)"</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> fg<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>color<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>menu_title,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> alignment<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CENTER,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> menu_width <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">24</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">for</span> i, text <span style="color:#f92672">in</span> enumerate(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> [<span style="color:#e6db74">"[N] Play a new game"</span>, <span style="color:#e6db74">"[C] Continue last game"</span>, <span style="color:#e6db74">"[Q] Quit"</span>]
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>print(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>width <span style="color:#f92672">//</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>height <span style="color:#f92672">//</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span> <span style="color:#f92672">-</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span> <span style="color:#f92672">+</span> i,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> text<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>ljust(menu_width),
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> fg<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>color<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>menu_text,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> bg<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>color<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>black,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> alignment<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CENTER,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> bg_blend<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>BKGND_ALPHA(<span style="color:#ae81ff">64</span>),
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">ev_keydown</span>(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self, event: tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>KeyDown
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ) <span style="color:#f92672">-></span> Optional[input_handlers<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>BaseEventHandler]:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>sym <span style="color:#f92672">in</span> (tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>K_q, tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>K_ESCAPE):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">raise</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">SystemExit</span>()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>sym <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>K_c:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#75715e"># TODO: Load the game here</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">pass</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>sym <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>K_n:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> input_handlers<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>MainGameEventHandler(new_game())
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">None</span>
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div><p>Let’s break this code down a bit.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-py3" data-lang="py3"><span style="display:flex;"><span>background_image <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>image<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>load(<span style="color:#e6db74">"menu_background.png"</span>)[:, :, :<span style="color:#ae81ff">3</span>]
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div><p>This line loads the image file we’ll
|
||
use for our background in the main menu. If you haven’t already, be
|
||
sure to download that file. You can find it <a href="https://github.com/TStand90/tcod_tutorial_v2/blob/bff29c352d76068845730ff61e62cd382e5e2adc/menu_background.png">here</a>, or download it by right-clicking and saving it from here:</p>
|
||
<p><img src="Part%2010%20-%20Saving%20and%20loading%20%C2%B7%20Roguelike%20Tutorials_files/menu_background.png" alt="Main Menu Background Image"></p>
|
||
<p>Save the file to your project directory and you should be good to go.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-py3" data-lang="py3"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">new_game</span>() <span style="color:#f92672">-></span> Engine:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"""Return a brand new game session as an Engine instance."""</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> map_width <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">80</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> map_height <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">43</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> room_max_size <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">10</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> room_min_size <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">6</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_rooms <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">30</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_monsters_per_room <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_items_per_room <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> player <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> copy<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>deepcopy(entity_factories<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>player)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> Engine(player<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>player)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>game_map <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> generate_dungeon(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_rooms<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>max_rooms,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> room_min_size<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>room_min_size,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> room_max_size<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>room_max_size,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> map_width<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>map_width,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> map_height<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>map_height,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_monsters_per_room<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>max_monsters_per_room,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> max_items_per_room<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>max_items_per_room,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>engine,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>update_fov()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> engine<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>message_log<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>add_message(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"Hello and welcome, adventurer, to yet another dungeon!"</span>, color<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>welcome_text
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> engine
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div><p>This should all look very familiar: it’s the same code we used to initialize our engine in <code>main.py</code>. We initialize the same things here, but return the <code>Engine</code>, so that <code>main.py</code> can make use of it. This will help reduce the amount of code in <code>main.py</code> while also making sure that we don’t waste time initializing the engine class if we’re loading from a saved file.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-py3" data-lang="py3"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">MainMenu</span>(input_handlers<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>BaseEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"""Handle the main menu rendering and input."""</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">on_render</span>(self, console: tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>Console) <span style="color:#f92672">-></span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">None</span>:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"""Render the main menu on a background image."""</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>draw_semigraphics(background_image, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>)
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>print(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>width <span style="color:#f92672">//</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>height <span style="color:#f92672">//</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span> <span style="color:#f92672">-</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">4</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"TOMBS OF THE ANCIENT KINGS"</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> fg<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>color<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>menu_title,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> alignment<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CENTER,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>print(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>width <span style="color:#f92672">//</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>height <span style="color:#f92672">-</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"By (Your name here)"</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> fg<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>color<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>menu_title,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> alignment<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CENTER,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> menu_width <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">24</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">for</span> i, text <span style="color:#f92672">in</span> enumerate(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> [<span style="color:#e6db74">"[N] Play a new game"</span>, <span style="color:#e6db74">"[C] Continue last game"</span>, <span style="color:#e6db74">"[Q] Quit"</span>]
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>print(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>width <span style="color:#f92672">//</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> console<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>height <span style="color:#f92672">//</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span> <span style="color:#f92672">-</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span> <span style="color:#f92672">+</span> i,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> text<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>ljust(menu_width),
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> fg<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>color<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>menu_text,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> bg<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>color<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>black,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> alignment<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CENTER,
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> bg_blend<span style="color:#f92672">=</span>tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>BKGND_ALPHA(<span style="color:#ae81ff">64</span>),
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">ev_keydown</span>(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self, event: tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>KeyDown
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ) <span style="color:#f92672">-></span> Optional[input_handlers<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>BaseEventHandler]:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>sym <span style="color:#f92672">in</span> (tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>K_q, tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>K_ESCAPE):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">raise</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">SystemExit</span>()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>sym <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>K_c:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#75715e"># TODO: Load the game here</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">pass</span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>sym <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> tcod<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>event<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>K_n:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> input_handlers<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>MainGameEventHandler(new_game())
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">return</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">None</span>
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div><p>It might seem strange to put an event handler here rather than in its normal spot (<code>input_handlers.py</code>), but this makes sense for two reasons:</p>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>The main menu is specific to the start of the game.</li>
|
||
<li>It won’t be called during the normal course of the game, like the other input handlers in that file.</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<p>Anyway, the class renders the image we specified earlier, and it displays a title, <code>"TOMBS OF THE ANCIENT KINGS"</code>. Of course, you can change this to whatever name you have in mind for your game. It also includes a <code>"By (Your name here)"</code> section, so be sure to fill your name in and let everyone know who it was that worked so hard to make this game!</p>
|
||
<p>The menu also gives three choices: new game, continue last game, and quit. The <code>ev_keydown</code> method, as you might expect, handles these inputs.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>If the player presses “Q”, the game just exits.</li>
|
||
<li>If the player presses “N”, a new game starts. We do this by returing the <code>MainGameEventHandler</code>, and calling the <code>new_game</code> function to create our new engine.</li>
|
||
<li>If the player presses “C”, theoretically, a saved game should load.
|
||
However, we haven’t gotten there yet, so as of now, nothing happens.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Let’s utilize our <code>MainMenu</code> function in <code>main.py</code>, like this:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>#!/usr/bin/env python3
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">-import copy
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>import traceback
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import tcod
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import color
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">-from engine import Engine
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">-import entity_factories
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>import exceptions
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import input_handlers
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">-from procgen import generate_dungeon
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+import setup_game
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>def main() -> None:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> screen_width = 80
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> screen_height = 50
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- map_width = 80
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- map_height = 43
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- room_max_size = 10
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- room_min_size = 6
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- max_rooms = 30
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- max_monsters_per_room = 2
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- max_items_per_room = 2
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> tileset = tcod.tileset.load_tilesheet(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> "dejavu10x10_gs_tc.png", 32, 8, tcod.tileset.CHARMAP_TCOD
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> )
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- player = copy.deepcopy(entity_factories.player)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- engine = Engine(player=player)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- engine.game_map = generate_dungeon(
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- max_rooms=max_rooms,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- room_min_size=room_min_size,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- room_max_size=room_max_size,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- map_width=map_width,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- map_height=map_height,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- max_monsters_per_room=max_monsters_per_room,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- max_items_per_room=max_items_per_room,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- engine=engine,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- )
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- engine.update_fov()
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- engine.message_log.add_message(
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- "Hello and welcome, adventurer, to yet another dungeon!", color.welcome_text
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- )
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- handler: input_handlers.BaseEventHandler = input_handlers.MainGameEventHandler(engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ handler: input_handlers.BaseEventHandler = setup_game.MainMenu()
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> with tcod.context.new_terminal(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>#!/usr/bin/env python3
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">import copy</span>
|
||
import traceback
|
||
|
||
import tcod
|
||
|
||
import color
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">from engine import Engine</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">import entity_factories</span>
|
||
import exceptions
|
||
import input_handlers
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">from procgen import generate_dungeon</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">import setup_game</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
def main() -> None:
|
||
screen_width = 80
|
||
screen_height = 50
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">map_width = 80</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">map_height = 43</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">room_max_size = 10</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">room_min_size = 6</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">max_rooms = 30</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">max_monsters_per_room = 2</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">max_items_per_room = 2</span>
|
||
|
||
tileset = tcod.tileset.load_tilesheet(
|
||
"dejavu10x10_gs_tc.png", 32, 8, tcod.tileset.CHARMAP_TCOD
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">player = copy.deepcopy(entity_factories.player)</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">engine = Engine(player=player)</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">engine.game_map = generate_dungeon(</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">max_rooms=max_rooms,</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">room_min_size=room_min_size,</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">room_max_size=room_max_size,</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">map_width=map_width,</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">map_height=map_height,</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">max_monsters_per_room=max_monsters_per_room,</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">max_items_per_room=max_items_per_room,</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">engine=engine,</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">)</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">engine.update_fov()</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">engine.message_log.add_message(</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">"Hello and welcome, adventurer, to yet another dungeon!", color.welcome_text</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">)</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">handler: input_handlers.BaseEventHandler = input_handlers.MainGameEventHandler(engine)</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">handler: input_handlers.BaseEventHandler = setup_game.MainMenu()</span>
|
||
|
||
with tcod.context.new_terminal(
|
||
...</pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>We’re removing the code that dealt with setting up the engine, as that’s been moved into the <code>new_game</code> function. All we have to do here is set our handler to <code>MainMenu</code>, and the <code>MainMenu</code> class handles the rest from there.</p>
|
||
<p>Run the game now, and you should see the main menu!</p>
|
||
<p><img src="Part%2010%20-%20Saving%20and%20loading%20%C2%B7%20Roguelike%20Tutorials_files/part-10-main-menu.png" alt="Part 10 - Main Menu"></p>
|
||
<p>*<em>Note: If you run the project and get this error: <code>Process finished with exit code 139 (interrupted by signal 11: SIGSEGV)</code>, it means you didn’t download the menu image file.</em></p>
|
||
<p>At last, we’ve come to the part where we’ll write the function that will save our game! This will be a method in <code>Engine</code>, and we’ll write it like this:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>from __future__ import annotations
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+import lzma
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+import pickle
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class Engine:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def save_as(self, filename: str) -> None:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ """Save this Engine instance as a compressed file."""
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ save_data = lzma.compress(pickle.dumps(self))
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ with open(filename, "wb") as f:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ f.write(save_data)
|
||
</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>from __future__ import annotations
|
||
|
||
<span class="new-text">import lzma
|
||
import pickle</span>
|
||
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
class Engine:
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
<span class="new-text">def save_as(self, filename: str) -> None:
|
||
"""Save this Engine instance as a compressed file."""
|
||
save_data = lzma.compress(pickle.dumps(self))
|
||
with open(filename, "wb") as f:
|
||
f.write(save_data)</span></pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p><code>pickle.dumps</code> serializes an object hierarchy in Python. <code>lzma.compress</code> compresses the data, so it takes up less space. We then use <code>with open(filename, "wb") as f:</code> to write the file (<code>wb</code> means “write in binary mode”), calling <code>f.write(save_data)</code> to write the data.</p>
|
||
<p>It might be hard to believe, but this is all we need to save our game! Because all of the things we need to save exist in the <code>Engine</code> class, we can pickle it, and we’re done!</p>
|
||
<p>Of course, it’s not quite <em>that</em> simple. We still need to call
|
||
this method, and handle a few edge cases, like when the user tries to
|
||
load a save file that doesn’t exist.</p>
|
||
<p>To save our game, we’ll call <code>save_as</code> from our <code>main.py</code> function. We’ll set up another function called <code>save_game</code> to call it, like this:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import color
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import exceptions
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import setup_game
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import input_handlers
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+def save_game(handler: input_handlers.BaseEventHandler, filename: str) -> None:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ """If the current event handler has an active Engine then save it."""
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ if isinstance(handler, input_handlers.EventHandler):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ handler.engine.save_as(filename)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ print("Game saved.")
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>def main() -> None:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> except exceptions.QuitWithoutSaving:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> raise
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> except SystemExit: # Save and quit.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- # TODO: Add the save function here
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ save_game(handler, "savegame.sav")
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> raise
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> except BaseException: # Save on any other unexpected exception.
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- # TODO: Add the save function here
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ save_game(handler, "savegame.sav")
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> raise
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> main()
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>...
|
||
import color
|
||
import exceptions
|
||
import setup_game
|
||
import input_handlers
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="new-text">def save_game(handler: input_handlers.BaseEventHandler, filename: str) -> None:
|
||
"""If the current event handler has an active Engine then save it."""
|
||
if isinstance(handler, input_handlers.EventHandler):
|
||
handler.engine.save_as(filename)
|
||
print("Game saved.")</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
def main() -> None:
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
...
|
||
except exceptions.QuitWithoutSaving:
|
||
raise
|
||
except SystemExit: # Save and quit.
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text"># TODO: Add the save function here</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">save_game(handler, "savegame.sav")</span>
|
||
raise
|
||
except BaseException: # Save on any other unexpected exception.
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text"># TODO: Add the save function here</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">save_game(handler, "savegame.sav")</span>
|
||
raise
|
||
|
||
|
||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||
main()</pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>Now when you exit the game, you should see a new <code>savegame.sav</code> in your project directory.</p>
|
||
<p>One thing that would help to handle the case where the user tries to
|
||
load a saved file when one doesn’t exist would be a pop-up message. This
|
||
message will appear in the center of the screen, and disappear after
|
||
any key is pressed.</p>
|
||
<p>Add this class to <code>input_handlers.py</code>:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>class BaseEventHandler(tcod.event.EventDispatch[ActionOrHandler]):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+class PopupMessage(BaseEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ """Display a popup text window."""
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def __init__(self, parent_handler: BaseEventHandler, text: str):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ self.parent = parent_handler
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ self.text = text
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def on_render(self, console: tcod.Console) -> None:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ """Render the parent and dim the result, then print the message on top."""
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ self.parent.on_render(console)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ console.tiles_rgb["fg"] //= 8
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ console.tiles_rgb["bg"] //= 8
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ console.print(
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ console.width // 2,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ console.height // 2,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ self.text,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ fg=color.white,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ bg=color.black,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ alignment=tcod.CENTER,
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ )
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[BaseEventHandler]:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ """Any key returns to the parent handler."""
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return self.parent
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class EventHandler(BaseEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>class BaseEventHandler(tcod.event.EventDispatch[ActionOrHandler]):
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="new-text">class PopupMessage(BaseEventHandler):
|
||
"""Display a popup text window."""
|
||
|
||
def __init__(self, parent_handler: BaseEventHandler, text: str):
|
||
self.parent = parent_handler
|
||
self.text = text
|
||
|
||
def on_render(self, console: tcod.Console) -> None:
|
||
"""Render the parent and dim the result, then print the message on top."""
|
||
self.parent.on_render(console)
|
||
console.tiles_rgb["fg"] //= 8
|
||
console.tiles_rgb["bg"] //= 8
|
||
|
||
console.print(
|
||
console.width // 2,
|
||
console.height // 2,
|
||
self.text,
|
||
fg=color.white,
|
||
bg=color.black,
|
||
alignment=tcod.CENTER,
|
||
)
|
||
|
||
def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> Optional[BaseEventHandler]:
|
||
"""Any key returns to the parent handler."""
|
||
return self.parent</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
class EventHandler(BaseEventHandler):
|
||
...</pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>This displays a message on top of the current display, whether it’s
|
||
the main menu or the main game. When the player presses a key (any key),
|
||
the message disappears.</p>
|
||
<p>Now let’s shift our focus to loading the game. We can add a <code>load_game</code> function in our <code>setup_game.py</code> file, which will attempt to load the game. We’ll call it when we press the “c” key on the main menu. Open up <code>setup_game.py</code> and edit it like this:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>from __future__ import annotations
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import copy
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+import lzma
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+import pickle
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+import traceback
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>from typing import Optional
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>import tcod
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>def new_game() -> Engine:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+def load_game(filename: str) -> Engine:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ """Load an Engine instance from a file."""
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ with open(filename, "rb") as f:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ engine = pickle.loads(lzma.decompress(f.read()))
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ assert isinstance(engine, Engine)
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return engine
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class MainMenu(input_handlers.BaseEventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> def ev_keydown(
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ) -> Optional[input_handlers.BaseEventHandler]:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> if event.sym in (tcod.event.K_q, tcod.event.K_ESCAPE):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> raise SystemExit()
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> elif event.sym == tcod.event.K_c:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- # TODO: Load the game here
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- pass
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ try:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return input_handlers.MainGameEventHandler(load_game("savegame.sav"))
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ except FileNotFoundError:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return input_handlers.PopupMessage(self, "No saved game to load.")
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ except Exception as exc:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ traceback.print_exc() # Print to stderr.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ return input_handlers.PopupMessage(self, f"Failed to load save:\n{exc}")
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span> elif event.sym == tcod.event.K_n:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return input_handlers.MainGameEventHandler(new_game())
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> return None
|
||
</span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>from __future__ import annotations
|
||
|
||
import copy
|
||
<span class="new-text">import lzma</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">import pickle</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">import traceback</span>
|
||
from typing import Optional
|
||
|
||
import tcod
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
|
||
def new_game() -> Engine:
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="new-text">def load_game(filename: str) -> Engine:
|
||
"""Load an Engine instance from a file."""
|
||
with open(filename, "rb") as f:
|
||
engine = pickle.loads(lzma.decompress(f.read()))
|
||
assert isinstance(engine, Engine)
|
||
return engine</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
class MainMenu(input_handlers.BaseEventHandler):
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
def ev_keydown(
|
||
self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown
|
||
) -> Optional[input_handlers.BaseEventHandler]:
|
||
if event.sym in (tcod.event.K_q, tcod.event.K_ESCAPE):
|
||
raise SystemExit()
|
||
elif event.sym == tcod.event.K_c:
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text"># TODO: Load the game here</span>
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">pass</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">try:
|
||
return input_handlers.MainGameEventHandler(load_game("savegame.sav"))
|
||
except FileNotFoundError:
|
||
return input_handlers.PopupMessage(self, "No saved game to load.")
|
||
except Exception as exc:
|
||
traceback.print_exc() # Print to stderr.
|
||
return input_handlers.PopupMessage(self, f"Failed to load save:\n{exc}")</span>
|
||
elif event.sym == tcod.event.K_n:
|
||
return input_handlers.MainGameEventHandler(new_game())
|
||
|
||
return None</pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p><code>load_game</code> essentially works the opposite of <code>save_as</code>, by opening up the file, uncompressing and unpickling it, and returning the instance of the <code>Engine</code> class. It then passes that engine to <code>MainGameEventHandler</code>. If no save game exists, or an error occured, we display a popup message.</p>
|
||
<p>And with that change, we can load our game! Try exiting your game and loading it afterwards.</p>
|
||
<p>The implementation as it exists now does have one major issue though:
|
||
the player can load their save file after dying, and doing so actually
|
||
allows the player to take an extra turn! The player can’t continue the
|
||
game after that though, as our game immediately after detects that the
|
||
player is dead, and the game state reverts to a game over. Still, this
|
||
is an odd little bug that can be fixed quite simply: by deleting the
|
||
save game file after the player dies.</p>
|
||
<p>To do that, we can override the <code>ev_quit</code> method in <code>GameOverEventHandler</code>. Open up <code>input_handlers.py</code> and make the following fix:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span>from __future__ import annotations
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+import os
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>from typing import Callable, Optional, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING, Union
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>...
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>class GameOverEventHandler(EventHandler):
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def on_quit(self) -> None:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ """Handle exiting out of a finished game."""
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ if os.path.exists("savegame.sav"):
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ os.remove("savegame.sav") # Deletes the active save file.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ raise exceptions.QuitWithoutSaving() # Avoid saving a finished game.
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ def ev_quit(self, event: tcod.event.Quit) -> None:
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ self.on_quit()
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e"></span>
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> None:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> if event.sym == tcod.event.K_ESCAPE:
|
||
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">- raise SystemExit()
|
||
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672"></span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+ self.on_quit()
|
||
</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
|
||
|
||
<pre>from __future__ import annotations
|
||
|
||
<span class="new-text">import os</span>
|
||
|
||
from typing import Callable, Optional, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING, Union
|
||
...
|
||
|
||
|
||
class GameOverEventHandler(EventHandler):
|
||
<span class="new-text">def on_quit(self) -> None:
|
||
"""Handle exiting out of a finished game."""
|
||
if os.path.exists("savegame.sav"):
|
||
os.remove("savegame.sav") # Deletes the active save file.
|
||
raise exceptions.QuitWithoutSaving() # Avoid saving a finished game.
|
||
|
||
def ev_quit(self, event: tcod.event.Quit) -> None:
|
||
self.on_quit()</span>
|
||
|
||
def ev_keydown(self, event: tcod.event.KeyDown) -> None:
|
||
if event.sym == tcod.event.K_ESCAPE:
|
||
<span class="crossed-out-text">raise SystemExit()</span>
|
||
<span class="new-text">self.on_quit()</span></pre>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p>We use the <code>os</code> module to find the save file, and if it exists, we remove it. We then raise <code>QuitWithoutSaving</code>,
|
||
so that the game won’t be saved on exiting. Now when the player meets
|
||
his or her tragic end (it’s a roguelike, it’s inevitable!), the save
|
||
file will be deleted.</p>
|
||
<p>Last thing before we wrap up: We’re creating the <code>.sav</code>
|
||
files to represent our saved games, but we don’t want to include these
|
||
in our Git repository, since that should be reserved for just the code.
|
||
The fix for this is to add this to our <code>.gitignore</code> file:</p>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-primary data-toggle-tab active" data-toggle-tab="diff">
|
||
Diff
|
||
</button>
|
||
<button class="btn btn-secondary data-toggle-tab" data-toggle-tab="original">
|
||
Original
|
||
</button>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="data-pane active" data-pane="diff">
|
||
|
||
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-diff" data-lang="diff"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+# Saved games
|
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</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#a6e22e">+*.sav
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</span></span></span></code></pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="data-pane" data-pane="original">
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<pre><span class="new-text"># Saved games
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*.sav</span></pre>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p><em>The rest of the .gitignore is omitted, as your .gitignore file
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may look different from mine. It doesn’t matter where you add this in.</em></p>
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<p>If you want to see the code so far in its entirety, <a href="https://github.com/TStand90/tcod_tutorial_v2/tree/2020/part-10">click here</a>.</p>
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<p><a href="https://rogueliketutorials.com/tutorials/tcod/v2/part-11">Click here to move on to the next part of this tutorial.</a></p>
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